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Isaiah 7:14 is quoted at Christmas: 'a virgin shall conceive.' The Hebrew word there is 'almah.' What does 'almah' most plainly mean?

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The answer

'Almah' means a young woman of marriageable age, often implying she's unmarried. When the Hebrew was translated into Greek (the Septuagint), 'almah' became 'parthenos' — usually 'virgin,' though that Greek word has range too; the Septuagint uses it of Dinah at Genesis 34:3. Matthew 1:23 quotes the Greek and reads it as pointing to Jesus.

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Why it’s interesting

So the famous 'virgin' comes through the Greek, while the Hebrew says something more general — and both words carry more range than the English suggests. Hebrew does have a term that more specifically means virgin, betulah, and Isaiah 7:14 doesn't use it.

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